In Africa, some leaders have been in power for as long as over 30 years and hold on to the position even when they are old and must give way to others to govern. This situation often raises questions about the nature of leadership, democracy, and the will of the people. How is it that these longest-serving presidents continue to maintain power? Many of them claim they are still governing because it is the desire of the citizens. This article presents a comprehensive list of the current longest-serving African heads of state and explores their tenures, governance styles, and the implications of their long rule.
Many African leaders manage to cling to power for decades, either by force, breaking laws, or bending constitutions. This has become an established norm practiced throughout the modern history of the continent. While some leaders have been ousted from power in the past, a significant number remain entrenched in their positions. In this article, we will meet some of the best civilian regimes on the African continent that have garnered approval from various multilateral and regional institutions.
From Faure Gnassingbé in Togo to Teodoro Obiang in Equatorial Guinea, these leaders have shaped the political landscape of their respective countries. We will delve into their backgrounds, policies, and the challenges they face as they continue to lead. This narrative not only highlights their individual stories but also reflects broader trends in governance and citizen engagement across Africa.
Table of Contents
- Faure Gnassingbé, President of Togo
- Ali Bongo, President of Gabon
- Paul Biya, President of Cameroon
- Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea
- Ismaïl Omar Guelleh, President of Djibouti
- Recent Developments in the Region
Faure Gnassingbé, President of Togo
Faure Gnassingbé has been Togo's president since 2005. Before him, his father, Gnassingbé Eyadéma, seized power in 1967 and ruled for 38 years. Faure has focused on national reconciliation and peaceful political climate since taking office. Under his leadership, Togo's economy has seen notable growth and modernization through bold policies.
He is currently serving his fourth term and is seen as a continuation of the family dynasty that has governed Togo for decades.
Ali Bongo, President of Gabon
Ali Bongo is currently the president of Gabon but has faced significant challenges, including being deposed by coup leaders. He has been under house arrest and recently called on international friends for support, emphasizing his precarious position. Bongo’s presidency came after his father ruled for 42 years, and he has faced accusations of fraud and violence during his elections.
His leadership has been characterized by a mix of reformist rhetoric and allegations of nepotism, making him a controversial figure in Gabonese politics.
Paul Biya, President of Cameroon
As the president of Cameroon for over 41 years, Paul Biya is one of the longest-serving leaders in Africa. He initially served as prime minister before taking the presidency in 1982 following the resignation of Ahmadou Ahidjo. Biya’s tenure has been marked by stability but also criticism regarding human rights abuses and the handling of opposition.
His leadership style has often been described as authoritarian, and his government has faced significant challenges, including calls for decentralization and greater political freedoms.
Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea
Teodoro Obiang has ruled Equatorial Guinea for 44 years, making him the longest-serving president in Africa. He came to power through a military coup in 1979, overthrowing his uncle. Despite his long rule, Obiang has faced numerous coup attempts and accusations of corruption and human rights violations.
His presidency has been characterized by a focus on oil wealth, with limited political freedoms for the populace, leading to a lack of significant democratic governance in the country.
Ismaïl Omar Guelleh, President of Djibouti
Omar Guelleh has been the president of Djibouti since 1999, succeeding his uncle. His presidency was marked by a recent re-election with over 98% of the votes. Guelleh's leadership has focused on economic growth and strategic partnerships, particularly with foreign military powers.
However, his long tenure has also faced criticism regarding political repression and lack of press freedom.
Recent Developments in the Region
In recent news, the junta in Niger has cut off ties with Nigeria following failed negotiations by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). The situation in Niger reflects broader regional instability and the challenges faced by leaders in maintaining power amidst public discontent and military intervention.
Additionally, the ousted Nigerien President Mohamed Bazoum has appealed to the international community for assistance to restore constitutional order, highlighting the delicate balance of power and governance in the region.
