In this article, we want to tell you about the breeds of goat in Nigeria. Farming and animal rearing is developing in the country and the production of meat and milk is becoming more popular among farmers.
Nigeria is home to a variety of goat breeds, each uniquely adapted to its environment. These goats play a significant role in the agricultural landscape, providing meat and milk that are essential to local diets and economies. As farmers increasingly recognize the benefits of goat farming, understanding the distinct breeds available becomes crucial for successful farming practices.
The two primary categories of goats found in Nigeria are local breeds and exotic breeds. Local breeds are well-suited to the Nigerian climate and terrain, making them ideal for farmers looking to maximize productivity. Exotic breeds, on the other hand, often offer unique characteristics that can enhance production capabilities and meet market demands.
Main characteristics of Goats in Nigeria
In such countries as Nigeria, goats have special characteristics that make it possible for them to survive in the environment. The main classification divides goats into two categories: Local breeds and Exotic breeds.
Let’s check local types of goats in Nigeria; there are four main breeds that are most adapted for the Nigerian environment.
Local Breeds of Goats:
- Sahelian Goats
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This breed is characterized by a short fine coat that could be black, red, white, or spotted. They can have medium or large body size. The goats have short ears positioned horizontally, and their horns drop down. Both male and female have horns, and these animals are well adapted for long-distance trekking, allowing them to survive in the desert areas of the country.
The goats have long legs that make them suited for a nomadic lifestyle. The weight of a mature goat ranges from 25 to 30 kg. This breed is primarily used for meat and is commonly referred to as “Ogufe,” especially in the Southwest of Nigeria.
- Maradi or Red Sokoto
This breed is predominantly found in the Sokoto area and is considered one of the most well-defined among African breeds. The skin coat is red and highly valued for leather production. There are also sub-breeds, known as Kano brown and Boronu white. These goats possess horns and have horizontally positioned short ears. Mature animals typically weigh between 20 to 30 kg.
- African Dwarf Goats
This breed is found primarily in forest areas of Nigeria. These goats are small in size with short legs, allowing them to navigate easily through thick vegetation. Their colors can vary from black to white, gray, or even multicolored. A mature goat stands about 40 to 50 cm tall and weighs between 18 to 20 kg. This breed is known for its resistance to trypanosomiasis and is quite hardy.
- Pygmy Goats
This is another small-sized type of goat, with adult weights averaging around 39 kg. They are characterized by their short and slightly chubby appearance. Pygmy goats typically have a lifespan of about ten years and are known for their intelligence, making them suitable as pets. They can adapt well to varying climatic conditions.
Exotic breeds of goat in Nigeria
- Saanen
This breed is widespread worldwide but originates from Switzerland. Saanen goats are characterized by their white coat and large size, with mature goats weighing about 75 kg. They can produce up to 3 liters of milk daily.
- Anglo-Nubian
Originating from England, the Anglo-Nubian breed can display various colors, though white and brown are predominant. Mature goats weigh between 60 to 70 kg and are highly adaptable to tropical climates.
- Toggenburg
This breed, also from Switzerland, is known globally for its chocolate or brown coat. Mature Toggenburg goats usually weigh from 50 to 65 kg and can produce about 2 to 2.5 liters of milk daily.
- Alpine
Alpine goats originate from the Alpine region and are known for their variety of colors. They typically weigh between 60 to 65 kg and are raised for both milk and meat production.
- Jamnapari
This breed comes from India and is recognized for its large lopped ears. Most Jamnapari goats are black or brown, with adults weighing up to 75 kg. They are well adapted to tropical climates and have great potential for meat and milk production.
- Boer goat
The Boer goat is typically white with a brown neck and head, and adult goats can weigh up to 130 kg. Farmers primarily keep them for meat production, and they are known for their horned and lop-eared characteristics.
Nigerian farmers have been raising cattle for many centuries, and their extensive experience in agriculture has led to the development of new breeds and increased productivity. Commercial and domestic goat farming plays a vital role in the development of agriculture and the overall economic system in the country. The northern part of Nigeria is significantly engaged in commercial goat farming, as the demand for goat meat continues to rise. This presents a substantial opportunity for those looking to enter the goat farming business.
The benefits of goat farming are numerous. With various types of goats available in Nigeria, farmers have a wide selection to choose from. We hope that this information will be helpful for your farming activities.
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Source: Legit.ng
